Child labour remains one of the most urgent child rights challenges in Eastern and Southern Africa. Today, an estimated 41 million children in our region are engaged in child labour – nearly one third the global total. This publication presents the latest estimates on child labour in Eastern and Southern Africa, showing recent trends, progress since 2020, and where risks remain highest. It profiles children affected by child labour and hazardous work by age, sex and sector, and examines the impact on school participation. The evidence is intended to support policy, financing and monitoring efforts to accelerate progress toward ending child labour in the region.