The index of health service coverage is computed as the geometric means of 14 tracer
indicators. The 14 indicators are listed below and detailed metadata for each of the components is given in Annex 1. The tracer indicators are as follows, organized by four broad categories of service coverage:
I. Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
1. Family planning: Percentage of women of reproductive age (15−49 years) who are married or in- union who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods
2. Pregnancy and delivery care: Percentage of women aged 15-49 years with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care four or more times
3. Child immunization: Percentage of infants receiving three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis containing vaccine
4. Child treatment: Percentage of children under 5 years of age with suspected pneumonia (cough and

difficult breathing NOT due to a problem in the chest and a blocked nose) in the two weeks preceding the survey taken to an appropriate health facility or provider
II. Infectious diseases
5. Tuberculosis: Percentage of incident TB cases that are detected and treated
6. HIV/AIDS: Percentage of people living with HIV currently receiving antiretroviral therapy
7. Malaria: Percentage of population in malaria-endemic areas who slept under an insecticide-treated
net the previous night [only for countries with high malaria burden]
8. Water and sanitation: Percentage of households using at least basic sanitation facilities

III. Noncommunicable diseases
9. Hypertension: Age-standardized prevalence of non-raised blood pressure (systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) among adults aged 18 years and older 10. Diabetes: Age-standardized mean fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) for adults aged 18 years and older 11. Tobacco: Age-standardized prevalence of adults >=15 years not smoking tobacco in last 30
days (SDG indicator 3.a.1)

IV. Service capacity and access
12. Hospital access: Hospital beds per capita, relative to a maximum threshold of 18 per 10,000 population
13. Health workforce: Health professionals (physicians, psychiatrists, and surgeons) per capita, relative to maximum thresholds for each cadre (partial overlap with SDG indicator 3.c.1)
14. Health security: International Health Regulations (IHR) core capacity index, which is the average percentage of attributes of 13 core capacities that have been attained (SDG indicator 3.d.1)

Target 3.8 is defined as “Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all”. The concern is with all people and communities receiving the quality health services they need (including medicines and other health products), without financial hardship. Two indicators have been chosen to monitor target 3.8 within the SDG framework. Indicator 3.8.1 is for health service coverage and indicator 3.8.2 focuses on health expenditures in relation to a household’s budget to identify financial hardship caused by direct health care payments. Taken together, indicators 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 are meant to capture the service coverage and financial protection dimensions, respectively, of target 3.8. These two indicators should be always monitored jointly.
Countries provide many essential services for health protection, promotion, prevention, treatment and care. Indicators of service coverage – defined as people receiving the service they need – are the best
way to track progress in providing services under universal health coverage (UHC). Since a single health service indicator does not suffice for monitoring UHC, an index is constructed from 14 tracer indicators selected based on epidemiological and statistical criteria. This includes several indicators that are already included in other SDG targets, thereby minimizing the data collection and reporting burden. The index is reported on a unitless scale of 0 to 100, with 100 being the optimal value.